How do you test for immune complexes?
Procedures for detecting Immune complexes containing un- known antigen in biologic fluids are based on physical properties. such as changes in the size of antibody when It combines with antigen. Methods used to detect such changes in physical properties in- clude analytic and sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation.
What is circulating immune complexes?
Circulating immune complexes (CICs) are a heterogeneous group of immunoreactants formed by the noncovalent union of antigen and antibody. Many factors influence the formation, immunochemistry, biology, and clearance of these soluble reactants.
What causes immune complex disease?
Etiology. Immune complex disease is associated with IgA deposition in mesangial area of glomerulus and within vessel walls resulting in leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. Presence of mesangial IgA deposition suggests immune complex‐mediated disease.
How do immune complexes cause tissue damage in lupus?
Deposition of the immune complexes causes an inflammatory response, which leads to the release of tissue-damaging substances, such as enzymes that destroy tissues locally, and interleukin-1, which, among its other effects, induces fever.
Is SLE immune complex mediated?
The classical immunological abnormalities found in SLE are autoantibody production, immune complex deposition and complement activation2. The pathogenesis of SLE is complex and involves several genetic abnormalities which result in heterogeneity in disease manifestations3.
Which of the following is an immune complex disease?
The following immune complex diseases are frequently associated with nephritis: SLE, polyarteritis, cryoglobulinemia and many microbial diseases such as bacterial endocarditis, leprosy, malaria, trypanosomiasis, hepatitis B and C infection and dengue hemorrhagic fever.
What are well known diseases that are resulted from type III immune complex deposition?
Some of the complications associated with Type III hypersensitivity reaction include:
- Serum Sickness.
- Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis.
- SLE.
- Post streptococcal Glomerulonephritis.
How are immune complexes cleared?
Immune complexes are removed from the circulation by the mononuclear phagocyte system of the liver and spleen through engagement of FcγRs and complement receptors. The interaction of immune complexes with the phagocyte involves a qualitatively different process from that with erythrocytes.
Is Lupus an immune complex disease?
Lupus nephritis is an immune complex disease, the diagnosis of which requires that the affected patient have systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).