What are the 5 Rules of commas?
Five Comma Rules
- Use a comma after an introductory phrase or clause.
- Use commas before and after a parenthetical phrase or clause.
- Use a comma to separate two independent clauses linked by a coordinating conjunction (and, but, for, nor or, so, yet)
- Use a comma to separate items in a series.
What are the 14 types of punctuation marks?
There are 14 punctuation marks that are used in the English language. They are: the period, question mark, exclamation point, comma, colon, semicolon, dash, hyphen, brackets, braces, parentheses, apostrophe, quotation mark, and ellipsis.
What are the examples of comma?
2. Examples of Comma Use
- The pet store has cats, dogs, hamsters, fish, and turtles. Listing things.
- I really wanted cereal this morning, but I didn’t have any milk. Connecting clauses.
- Well, if you really want pancakes, I guess I can make them. Creating pauses.
Where do commas and full stops go?
Full stops and commas
- A full stop (or period) is primarily used to mark the end of a sentence.
- If using a footnote referencing style, including OSCOLA, the citation should come after the full stop:
- An Oxford comma precedes the ‘and’ before the last entry of a list.
What is punctuation mark example?
American vs British English
| Punctuation symbols | British English | American English |
|---|---|---|
| . | a full stop | a period |
| ! | an exclamation mark | an exclamation point |
| ( ) | brackets | parentheses |
| [ ] | square brackets | brackets |
What are the 11 comma rules?
Use a comma when two sentences are joined with and, or, but, or nor. When two complete sentences are joined with and, or, but, or nor, place a comma before the and, or, but, or nor. A sentence that has two or more verbs but does not have two complete sentences does not require a comma.
What are the rules for using a comma?
A few basic rules for comma usage include the use of commas to separate independent clauses in a sentence and the use of commas after introductory clauses or phrases. Another basic rule is the use of commas after introductory adverbs that begin a sentence.
When to use a comma?
– Commas to introduce a sentence. If you introduce a sentence with a transition word (e.g. however, hence , indeed, furthermore ), follow it with a comma. – Dependent vs independent clauses. A clause is a group of words that contains at least a subject and a verb. Sentences are often made up of several clauses. – Commas in compound sentences. A compound sentence contains more than one independent clause. – Avoid the comma splice. Two independent clauses should never be joined by a comma alone. This error is called a comma splice. – Restrictive vs nonrestrictive clauses. Sometimes the extra information added by a dependent clause is essential to the meaning of the main clause. – Avoid splitting subjects from verbs. To avoid comma mistakes, pay attention to the function of different words in your sentences and their relation to each other. – Avoid splitting compound subjects or objects. When two subjects or objects are connected to one verb, make sure not to separate them with a comma. – Avoid splitting compound predicates. The predicate is the part of a sentence that contains the verb. – Serial commas. In lists, commas are used to separate each item, and the last item is separated by a conjunction ( and , or ).
What are punctuation marks and their functions?
Punctuation marks are symbols that are used to aid the clarity and comprehension of written language. Some common punctuation marks are the period, comma, question mark, exclamation point, apostrophe, quotation mark and hyphen.
What are the 8 rules for commas?
The 8 comma rules!! The 1st comma rule: Use commas to separate words. and word groups in a simple series of 3 or more times. The 2nd comma rule: Use a comma to separate independent clauses when they are joined by the following conjunctions: and, or, for, nor, so, but, and yet.