Where does Moraxella bovis come from?

Etiology. Moraxella bovis, a gram-negative coccobacillus causes infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) in cattle. This organism is not a cause of keratoconjunctivitis in sheep and goats. The disease includes conjunctivitis and ulcerative keratitis.

Where is Moraxella bovis found?

Moraxella bovis is usually found in discharge from the affected eye; other bacteria, such as Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium, are also often present. Ultraviolet rays from the sun may play a role in the inflammation; face flies may transmit the disease.

Can humans get Moraxella bovis?

Moraxella bovis is normally transmitted to humans via infected milk as well as via aerosols but in develop countries used pasteurization which kills most of the bacteria in milk and infected cattle immediately culled.

How does Moraxella bovis spread?

M. bovis can be transmitted by direct contact or by aerosol of nasal or ocular discharges, though the most common mechanism of transmission is via fly vectors. The flies act both as a carrier and as an ocular irritant that allows establishment of the infection.

Is Moraxella bovis oxidase positive?

They are strictly aerobic, oxidase-positive, catalase-positive, DNAse-positive and asaccharolytic. Moraxella catarrhalis is now recognized as an important cause of upper and lower respiratory tract infections in children and adults.

What is Moraxella bovis bacterin used for?

Moraxella Bovis Bacterin. For the vaccination of healthy cattle as an aid in the prevention and control of pinkeye (infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis) caused by Moraxella bovis.

What is the shape of Moraxella bovis?

Moraxella bovis is a gram-negative coccobacillus, non-motile, free-living bacteria measuring between 0.6 – 1.0 µm in diameter (2,4,8), lacking flagella with varying amounts of pili. M. bovis is able to use colonial morphology (5) as a way to adapt to environmental changes.

How Mycobacterium bovis affects animals?

Bovine Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease of cattle. It is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) which can also infect and cause disease in many other mammals including humans, deer, goats, pigs, cats, dogs and badgers. In cattle, it is mainly a respiratory disease but clinical signs are rare.

What are the symptoms of brucellosis in cattle?

The initial symptoms are fatigue and headaches, followed by high fever, chills, drenching sweats, joint pains, backache, and loss of weight and appetite. Long-term effects can include arthritis, swelling of internal organs, depression, chronic fatigue and recurrent fevers.

What is branhamella Ovis?

CONJUNCTIVAL AND CORNEAL DISORDERS In sheep, infection with Chlamydophila pecorum (Chlamydia psittaci is the former taxonomic name) and Moraxella ovis (Branhamella ovis is the former taxonomic name) is most common. Mycoplasma spp. and other aerobic bacteria, notably Neisseria ovis, may also cause conjunctivitis.

Is Moraxella aerobic or anaerobic?

Moraxella catarrhalis is an obligately aerobic Gram-negative bacterium that colonizes the human upper respiratory tract.

What is the best vaccine for pink eye in cattle?

SolidBac Pinkeye IR/PR is for the vaccination of healthy cattle as an aid in prevention and control of pinkeye (infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis) caused by Moraxella bovis . Season-Long Protection: For the best protection, vaccinate in the spring prior to the beginning of the fly season.

What is the clinical significance of Moraxella bovis?

Description and significance. Moraxella bovis is a highly opportunistic bacterium infecting cattle herds worldwide with Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivits (IBK), also known as pinkeye or ‘New Forest Eye’. This disease is characterized by inflammation and ulceration of the conjunctiva causing discomfort, excessive tearing,…

What is Moraxella infection?

Moraxella Infections. Definition. Moraxella species are associated with a variety of infections, the most common of which is exacerbation of chronic bronchitis by Moraxella catarrhalis.

What is the genome of Moraxella bovis epp63?

The DNA genome sequence of the bacterial strain Moraxella bovis Epp63 has been or is still being determined with 361 contigs read using Sanger method analysis (3). The largest contiguous (contig N50) DNA size is 15,826 bp (4).

What is Moraxella diplococci?

Moraxella spp. are gram-negative short rods, coccobacilli or, in the case of M.catarrhalis, diplococci (GNDC) that phenotypically resemble Neisseria spp. diplococci (GNDC) that phenotypically resemble Neisseria spp.